Review Article Drug Impairment and Liver Disease

Abstract Abstract: Liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is rated as one of the top 5 commonest causes of premature death in the world. However, not all liver problems are related to an underlying liver disease. Many patients have liver dysfunction which may be secondary to drug therapy, infections or sepsis, gallstones or trauma. The liver helps purify the blood by changing potentially harmful chemicals into harmless ones, the sources of these chemicals can be outside the body, such as medications, or alcohol, or inside body, as ammonia and bilirubin. When drug injure the liver and disrupt its normal function, symptoms, signs. These drugs which called drug induced liver disease (DILI), leads to abnormal blood tests of liver disease, and also liver failure. Liver failure occurs when large parts of the liver become damaged beyond repair, and the liver is no longer able to function, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), is the 4th most important cause of liver disease in western countries, the incidence of DILI is between 1/10000 and 1/100000 patients-years. Aim of Study: Review the evidence regarding fundamental pharmacokinetics alterations caused by the liver disease as well as the potential foe liver toxicity with DILI. Analysis of the evidence of DILI and severe liver injury leading to death will be the aim, finally, provide recommendation and directions regarding drugs and how to minimize the risk of liver toxicity.