Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Role of Adiponectin in Insulin Resistance

Abstract Background: Adiponectin an adipocyte - derived hormone is specifically and abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and directly sensitizes the body to insulin adipocytes, whose reduction plays a central role in obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM), insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. The epidemic increase in type 2 DM can be prevented if markers of risk can be identified and it is a challenging task. Aim of Study: To assess the role of adiponectin in insulin resistance among patients with type 2 DM. Patients and Methods: 30 type 2 diabetic patients, 20 controls were studied. Fasting serum sample were used to measure Adiponectin, insulin, plasma glucose and lipid pa-rameters (Cholesterol, high density lipoprotein HDL and low density lipoprotein LDL). Collecting data including height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured using a standard technique. Results: Wilcoxon signed rank test shows the significant variation between adiponectin and other analyzes. The reduc-tion of mean adiponectin value observed in patient's sample compared to control sample. Significant correlation between fasting blood sugar (FBS) and adiponectin. Significant corre-lation between adiponectin and insulin level observed. In lipid parameters, significant positive correlation between adiponectin and high density lipoprotein (HDL) observed. Conclusion: Adiponectin plays a role in insulin sensitivity and might be as a potensial biomarker in type 2DM.