Association between Serum Level of Oncostatin M and Development of Acute Kidney Injury among Critically Hospitalized Patients and its Role as a Predictive Biomarker

Abstract Background: More than one out of every twenty patients needing critical care unit care develop severe AKI (Acute Kidney Injury). Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, plays an important roles in renal diseases as they have been found to be elevated in the renal tissue of patients with kidney diseases. Aim of Study: To study the role of Oncostatin M as an early biomarker of AKI among critically ill hospitalized patients and for the prediction of mortality or requirement for renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was done on 180 patients admitted to ICU within Kasr El-Aini Hospital Cairo University. They were eligible to participate in the study. Those patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1: 90 patients admitted to ICU with sepsis and developed AKI. Group 2: 90 patients admitted to ICU without AKI. Serum concentration of Oncostatin M was performed for all patients and compared between participating groups. Serum level of Oncostatin M was measured by Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELSA). Results: Although there was Oncostatin M serum levels and urea, Potassium, Calcium, and phosphrous serum levels had a marginally negative correlation, none of these (p=0.163, p=0.240, p=0.669, p=0.978) were statistically significant. With a sensitivity of 83.8% and a specificity of 61.4%, we discovered that Oncostatin M is a useful tool for predicting death among patients admitted to the ICU with sepsis and developing AKI (AUC=0.673, 95% CI: 0.532-0.814). Conclusion: It was found that patients admitted to the ICU frequently had AKI. It was linked to a higher incidence of morbidity and mortality. It is essential to predict AKI in ICU patients early. Lower serum levels of OSM can be a major predictor of acute kidney injury in ICU patients if combined with patients' clinical examination and general hemodynamic status. In this way, patients' outcome can be improved.