Association between Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones, Calcium, Anti-TPO and TSH Receptor Antibodies in Hypothyroid Patients

Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health issue. There have been reports linking its insufficiency to a number of illnesses. The correlation between low levels of vita-min D and thyroid disease is a subject of debate. Aim of Study: To investigate the association between vita-min D levels, thyroid hormones, calcium, anti-TPO and TSH receptor antibodiesin hypothyroid patients. Material and Methods: A retrospective investigation was carried out. We examined the medical records of individuals who attended the Endocrinology Department of Nahda poli-clinic between November 2023 and April 2024. We collected information on the age, gender, BMI, calcium levels, fT4 lev-els, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, TSH receptor antibodies (TSHR-Ab) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) as well as the patients’ vitamin D levels and preva-lence of vitamin D insufficiency. The SPSS program version 21 was used to perform the analysis. Results: Our study sample comprised of 36 hypothyroid patients and 36 control group with approximately 50% males and 50% females in each group. There are significant differenc-es in free T3 levels between patients and controls, both in terms of gender and age. A significant age-based differences in vita-min D levels among both patients and controls, with individuals less than 40 years old having higher levels compared to those more than 40 years old. However, no significant gender-based differences are observed in vitamin D levels among both pa-tients and controls. Conversely, there was a strong negative cor-relation between the levels of vitamin D and TSH and free T3 and TSH receptor antibodies as well as anti-TPO. Conclusion: This study suggests a strong correlation be-tween the studied biochemical factors and vitamin D levels. The positive correlations with free T4, and calcium indicate that higher levels of vitamin D are associated with increased levels of these biochemical markers. Conversely, the negative correlations with TSH and free T3 and anti-TPO and TSH re-ceptor antibodies suggest that higher levels of vitamin D are associated with decreased levels of these biochemical markers. Overall, these findings highlight the potential influence of vita-min D on thyroid function, autoimmune responses, and calcium metabolism.