Post-Operative Complications of Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy Versus Open Esophagectomy Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background: Esophagectomy is one of the most complex surgeries for esophageal diseases. Esophagectomy is associat-ed with a high complication. The risks for post-esophagectomy complications are multivariable. The patient’s co-morbidities play an important role, with the most negatively influential be-ing heart and lung diseases, diabetes, morbid obesity, associat-ed malnutrition, and smoking. Aim of Study: To compare the postoperative complications of minimally invasive esophagectomy versus open esophagec-tomy through systematic review and meta-analysis. Patients and Methods: Review was consider case-control studies, case report studies, and retrospective case follow-up evaluating the effectiveness or safety and efficacy profiles of the postoperative complications after minimally invasive eso-phagectomy versus open esophagectomy for esophageal dis-eases. Results: There is no significant difference between both groups regarding 30-day mortality and the results were similar in both groups. There was a significant increase pneumonia in OE group than MIE group. There is no significant difference between both groups regarding ARDS, atrial fibrillation, ar-rhythmias and the results were similar in both groups. There is no significant difference between both groups regarding bleed-ing, gastro bronchial fistula and the results were similar in both groups. Data Sources: Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, Science Direct. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2023. Conclusion: The advancements in MIE have improved post-operative outcomes significantly to result in shortened length of hospitalization, fewer complications, and improved quality of life. MIE resulted in significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications, especially recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, cardiac complications and pneumonia. Therefore, MIE may become a standard surgical approach in these pa-tients. MIE is a feasible and a reliable surgical procedure and is superior to OE, with less perioperative complications and in hospital mortality. To prevent postoperative complications after esophagectomy, the introduction of MIE and multidisciplinary team management would be effective.