Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Geriatric Multiple Myeloma Patients

Background: Multiple myeloma is a malignancy character-ized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Metabolic syndrome is known to contribute to systemic inflam-mation and cardiovascular risk. The convergence of these two pathological states in the same patient population raises ques-tions about shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Aim of Study: To assess the prevalence of Metabolic Syn-drome among geriatric Multiple Myeloma patients and to find possible bidirectional effects between the 2 diseases. Patients and Methods: The study included 45 geriatric Egyptian Multiple Myeloma patients, who were diagnosed as Multiple Myeloma through bone marrow aspirate/biopsy. All patients underwent geriatric assessment, comprehensive histo-rytaking, physical examination and anthropometric measure-ments including waist circumference, weight, height & BMI. The following investigations were carried out: Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, albumin, total protein, calcium, creatine, urea and fasting lipid profile (TG & HDL). Results: Nearly half of the participants met the diagnostic criteria of Metabolic Syndrome (46.7%). Fasting blood glu-cose, HbA1c and triglycerideswere significantly high among patients with metabolic syndrome (p-value 0.038, 0.019 & <0.001 respectively). High density lipoprotein was significantly low among patients with metabolic syndrome (p-value 0.010). Waist circumference and triglyceride level were the most im-portant predictors of metabolic syndrome. Significant negative correlation was noticed between total protein and (body mass index and waist circumference), (p-value <0.001 & 0.006 re-spectively). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among geriatric patients with multiple my-eloma, with nearly half of the participants meeting diagnostic criteria, most notably associated with increased waist circum-ference and elevated triglyceride levels. These findings under-score the importance of integrating metabolic assessment into the routine care of elderly MM patients.