Impact of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Prognosis and Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Background: Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), a lead-ing cause of heart failure, is characterized by left ventricular dysfunction secondary to significant coronary artery disease. Although coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has demon-strated clinical benefit in this population, the role of percutane-ous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a subject of ongoing debate. A notable knowledge gap persists regarding the func-tional and clinical outcomes associated with PCI in patients with ICM. Aim of Study: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on progno-sis and left ventricular (LV) function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) at three- and six-month follow-up in-tervals. Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Cardiology Department of Alexandria Main University Hospitals. A total of 60 patients with stable ischemic cardiomyopathy (LVEF <40%) and significant coronary artery disease were enrolled. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in accordance with established clini-cal guidelines. Patients were followed at three and six months post-intervention. The primary outcomes included changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and clinical prognosis, encompassing hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality. Results: LVEF significantly improved from 35.2%±5.1 at baseline to 39.8%±6.0 at six months (p<0.01). Cardiac-related hospitalizations and mortality significantly improved. Statisti-cally significant associations were observed between changes in LVEF and clinical prognosis. By the 6-month follow-up, sig-nificant differences in EF were observed based on PCI location, specifically for LAD PCI (p=0.019), LCX PCI (p=0.025), and RCA PCI (p=0.044). Conclusion: PCI in ICM patients resulted in significant improvements in left ventricular function that is meaningfully related to better clinical outcomes, with higher rates of hospital-ization and mortality associated with lesser improvement in EF.