The Effect of Ethyl Pyruvate on High Mobility Group Box I and Oxidative Stress in Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats

Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and by the destruction of synovial joints, leading to joint deformity and disability. The cause of RA is still unknown, but several factors have been documented. These include environmental factors, genetic factors, microbial pathogens, altered levels of inflammatory mediators, and defects in immune regulation, as autoimmune disease. The response of autoimmunity can be identified by the production of autoantibodies, such as Rheumatoid Factor (RF) or Anti Citrullinated Protein Anti-bodies (ACPAs), in serum. Recently, antioxidant supplemen-tation has been the major focus of attention across the world among the health professionals to explore it as a strategy to protect against the injurious effects of oxidative stress.
Aim of Study: This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of Ethyl Pyruvate (EP) in a rat model of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced RA.
Material and Methods: The current study was carried out in Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, in accordance to the guidance of Ethical Committee of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt (Approval code 31802/10/17) during 2018.
The study was conducted on 60 male albino rats divided into four groups; Group I (control group), Group II (Rheuma-toid arthritis group) and Group III (treated rheumatoid arthritis group) and Group IV (EP-control group) that are received the same dose of EP in treated rheumatoid arthritis group. All groups were subjected to estimation of level of anticyclic citrullinated peptide (AntiCCP) for diagnosis of RA, inflam-matory marker as High Mobility Group Box1 (HMGB1) and Interleukin 1 Beta (IL1B) and also oxidative stress marker as Nitric Oxide (NO) and total antioxidant capacity respectively trying to detect effect of inflammation and oxidative stress in RA.
Results: This study showed that EP significantly decrease Anticcp, HMGB 1 and IL1B and NO levels, also significantly in TAC.
Conclusion: On basis of these results it could be concluded that EP exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in experimentally induced RA in rats.