Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus on Insulin Therapy

Abstract
Background: Diabetes afflicts almost 382 million individ-uals around the world and a 592 million expected to be affected by the year 2035, despite the fact that the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in T2DM is hazy, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia and insulin resistance have significant roles.
Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to: Evaluate the affection of cognitive function in patients with T2DM on insulin and comparing between the effect of controlled and non-controlled levels of HbA1C on cognitive function regard-ing duration of diabetes, duration of insulin therapy, age, sex, level of education and type of occupations of the patients.
Patients and Methods: A total of 100 patients diagnosed as T2DM for more than 5 years were included in this study, divided into two groups based on level of HbA1c: Controlled group (50 patients with HbA1c was <6.5%) and Uncontrolled group (50 patients with HbA1c was >_6.5) ages of patients was between 35 and 55 years. Each patient was assessed by clinical assessment, laboratory investigations and neuropsy-chological assessment of cognition by: MMSE and MoCA.
Results: The frequency of cognitive impairment in young adult patients with T2DM was 18%. There were weak negative relationship between age of the patients and the cognitive function, moderately negative relationship between the duration of T2DM and cognitive function, moderate negative relation-ship between the HbA1C level and the cognitive function and the frequency of cognitive impairment was increasing with increasing level of HbA1c.
Conclusion: Cognitive function in patients with T2DM affected by control of diabetes, duration of T2DM and to less extend age of the patients, and every one of them is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment.