Evaluating Effectiveness of Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate As a Treatment in Acute Renal Colic Patients Attending Suez Canal University Hospital Emergency Department

Abstract
Background: Renal colic is one of the most sever forms of pain in humans. Renal colic affects nearly 1.2 million people each year and accounts for nearly 1% of all hospital admissions. Having a family member with a history of stones doubles there rates.
Aim of Study: To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous magnesium sulfate as an adjunct treatment in acute renal colic pain in patients who are not responding to conventional treatment (NSAIDs or Opioids) at the Emergency Department and to evaluate the role of I.V magnesium sulfate in dimin-ishing the need for additional doses of NSAIDs or opioids in treatment of acute renal colic.
Material and Methods: This study designed as a rand-omized clinical trial. Patients (18-60 years) having acute renal colic pain attending E.R and not responding to traditional treatment (30mg of intravenous ketorolac added to 10ml saline) and they are divided into two groups including 96 subjects: First Group included (48 patients) is the standard treatment group using NSAIDs, second group included (48 subjects) is the intervention group using Mg Sulphate. Vital signs to all patients including pulse rate, blood pressure (systolic/diastolic), respiratory rate, O2 saturation%, temper-ature (Celsius) and Severity of patient's pain by visual analogue scale (VAS) was measured twice to each group in the study periods 30 minutes after beginning of treatment and 60 minutes later.
Results: 96 cases were randomly allocated to intervention or control group. There was a significant statistical difference in between study groups regarding pain severity at 30 and 60 minutes; the intervention group showed much better pain relief on VAS than the control group.