Radiofrequency Ablation of Symptomatic Non-Functioning Benign Thyroid Nodules: An Early Experience in Egyptian Patients Using Monopolar Electrodes

Abstract Background: Thyroid nodules are noted as a common condition, some of them may need management for compres-sive effects or cosmetic reasons. As surgery has many disad-vantages, minimally invasive procedures are taking place, particularly radiofrequency (RF) ablation that proved to be safe and effective since 2006. Aim of Study: To study the safety and clinical results of (RF) ablation of benign non-functioning symptomatic thyroid nodules. Methods: We assessed 27 non-functioning benign thyroid solid nodules in 20 patients, after treatment by radiofrequency (RF) ablation and follow-up for 12 months. RF ablation was done by Cool-Tip RF system and cooled internal electrode. Nodule volume, cosmetic and symptom scores were calculated earlier prior to treatment and throughout the follow-up. We assessed all efficacy related factors and reported complications. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 11±2.6 months. The volume of the thyroid nodule decreased significantly at the final assessment from an average of 12.2ml before ablation to 6ml (p<0.001). Also there was markedly improved cosmetic and symptom ratings (p<0.001). The overall rate of recurrence was 4% (1/27). The overall rate of complication was 3% (6/20). Conclusion: RF ablation is effective in decreasing the volume of sizable benign thyroid nodules for a one year post-interventional follow-up. There were no complications that threatened life. Thus, patients with non-functioning benign thyroid nodules can be treated by RF ablation as a minimally invasive treatment.